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The brain structure is highly complex, with neural nuclei, conduction tracts, and the ventricular system intertwined, making it difficult for traditional two-dimensional atlases to represent their three-dimensional relationships. Anatomical models accurately recreate the cerebral hemispheres, brainstem, cerebellum, and internal structures (such as the basal ganglia, internal capsule, and lateral ventricles), allowing learners to observe and understand the spatial arrangement of structures from multiple perspectives. For example, models can clearly show the internal capsule structure and its relationship with the caudate nucleus, thalamus, and lentiform nucleus, helping students grasp the pathways of motor and sensory conduction tracts. This "visible and tangible" experience significantly reduces cognitive load and improves memory efficiency.
Brain anatomical models typically cover the major components such as the telencephalon, diencephalon, brainstem, and cerebellum, and label key functional areas, such as the precentral gyrus (somatic motor area), postcentral gyrus (somatosensory area), and transverse temporal gyrus (auditory area). Students can intuitively understand the functional localization of the cerebral cortex and the division of labor and cooperation among different lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes) through models. Furthermore, the models can demonstrate the structural basis of the corpus callosum connecting the left and right hemispheres, deepening their understanding of the brain's integrated functions.
High-quality brain anatomical models often integrate vascular, neural, and skull structures, serving as a bridge between anatomy and clinical medicine. For example, by observing the correspondence between the brainstem and the 10 pairs of cranial nerves, students can understand how brainstem damage leads to specific neurological dysfunctions; combining the course of the trigeminal and facial nerves within the temporal bone, they can analyze the anatomical basis of Bell's palsy or trigeminal neuralgia. These models can also be used to simulate pathological conditions such as stroke and tumor compression, assisting students in interpreting CT and MRI images and improving their clinical interpretation skills.
Brain anatomical models support independent observation and repeated manipulation, meeting the needs of different learning paces. Those with weak foundations can consolidate their basic structural recognition through models, while advanced learners can delve deeper into neural projection pathways or lesion simulations. Modern models incorporate more technological elements, such as QR codes that link to virtual reality (VR) resources, enabling 360-degree rotation, automatic annotation, and voice explanations, thus enhancing the immersive and interactive learning experience.
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